标准溶液

标准溶液是已知准确浓度的溶液，在滴定分析中常用作滴定剂，在其他的分析方法中用标准溶液绘制工作曲线或作计算标准。

配制方法有两种，一种是直接法，即准确称量基准物质，溶解后定容至一定体积；另一种是标定法，即先配制成近似需要的浓度，再用基准物质或用标准溶液来进行标定。

已知准确浓度的溶液，在容量分析中用作滴定剂，以滴定被测物质。

如果试剂符合基准物质的要求 (组成与化学式相符、纯度高、稳定)，可以直接配制标准溶液，即准确称出适量的基准物质，溶解后配制在一定体积的容量瓶内。可由下式计算应称取的基准物质的重量W： W=ΜV·基准物质的摩尔质量

式中Μ和V分别为所需配制的溶液的摩尔浓度和体积。利用上式可计算出标准溶液的浓度，例如称取1.480克基准物质重铬酸钾，在250毫升容量瓶内配成溶液，重铬酸钾溶液的摩尔浓度为：（图1）

如果试剂不符合基准物质的要求，则先配成近似于所需浓度的溶液，然后再用基准物质准确地测定其浓度，这个过程称为溶液的标定。例如氢氧化钠容易吸收二氧化碳和水，难以提纯，为了配制氢氧化钠标准溶液，只需粗略称出氢氧化钠的重量，把它溶解在蒸馏水中，稀释至所需体积，然后用邻苯二甲酸氢钾为基准物质标定氢氧化钠溶液。例如称出0.4985克邻苯二甲酸氢钾，标定时消耗 24.02毫升氢氧化钠溶液。已知邻苯二甲酸氢钾的摩尔质量为204.2,则氢氧化钠溶液的摩尔浓度为：（图2）

标准溶液有进口标准溶液和国内标准溶液之分，国内的标准溶液有钢铁研究总院（北京纳克分析仪器有限公司），国家标物中心；国外进口的有美国标准局（NIST）和美国加联等单位。其中以美国标准局（NIST）的标准溶液权威性最高，国内标准溶液应与之进行比对溯源后，方可使用

编号元素符号浓度规格介质GSBG62001-90锂Li1000ppm50mL10%HClGSBG62002-90铍Be1000ppm50mL10%HNO3GSBG62003-90硼B1000ppm50mLH2OGSBG62004-90钠Na1000ppm50mLH2OGSBG62005-90镁Mg1000ppm50mL5%HClGSBG62006-90铝Al1000ppm50mL10%HClGSBG62007-90硅Si500ppm50mL1%Na2CO3GSBG62008-90磷P1000ppm50mLH2OGSBG62009-90磷P1000ppm50mLH2OGSBG62010-90硫S1000ppm50mLH2OGSBG62011-90钾K1000ppm50mLH2OGSBG62012-90钙Ca1000ppm50mL5%HClGSBG62013-90钪kàngSc1000ppm50mL10%HNO3GSBG62014-90钛Ti1000ppm50mL10%H2SO4GSBG62015-90钒V1000ppm50mL10%H2SO4GSBG62016-90钒V1000ppm50mL10%HClGSBG62017-90铬Cr1000ppm50mL10%HClGSBG62018-90锰Mn1000ppm50mL5%H2SO4GSBG62019-90锰Mn1000ppm50mL10%HNO3GSBG62020-90铁Fe1000ppm50mL10%HClGSBG62021-90钴Co1000ppm50mL5%HNO3GSBG62022-90镍nièNi1000ppm50mL5%HNO3GSBG62023-90铜Cu1000ppm50mL5%H2SO4GSBG62024-90铜Cu1000ppm50mL10%HClGSBG62025-90锌Zn1000ppm50mL10%HCl

美国加联提供单标和混标标准溶液，介质都是水质、硝酸、盐酸等

Element 元素Source, Purity, MatrixCat. No. 编号Aluminum(铝)Al metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3Al metal, 99.999%, 2% HClWPS-10001-1WPS-10001-2Antimony( 锑 )Sb metal, 99.999%, 10%HClSb metal, 99.999%, 5% HNO3+Trace HFWPS-10002-2WPS-10002-3Arsenic( 砷shēn )As metal, 99.999%,2% HNO3As metal, 99.999%, 2% HClAs2O3 as As,99.999%, 2%HCLAs metal as As,99.999%, 2%NaOHWPS-10003-1WPS-10003-2WPS-10003-6WPS-10003-7Barium( 钡bèi )BaCO3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3BaCO3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-10004-1WPS-10004-2Beryllium( 铍 )Be metal, 99.5%, 2%HNO3Be metal 99.5%, 2%HClWPS-10005-1WPS-10005-2Bismuth( 铋 )Bi metal, 99.999%, 2%HNO3Bi metal, 99.999%, 2%HClWPS-10006-1WPS-10006-2Boron( 硼 )H3BO3, 99.99%, H2OWPS-10007-4Cadmium( 镉 )Cd metal, 99.999%, 2%HNO3Cd metal, 99.999%, 2%HClWPS-10008-1 WPS-10008-2Calcium( 钙 )CaCO3, 99.99+%, 2% HNO3CaCO3, 99.99+%, 2% HClWPS-10009-1WPS-10009-2Carbon( 碳 )Na2C2O4, 99.9+%, H2OWPS-100071-4Cerium( 铈shì )CeO2, 99.99%, 2% HNO3CeO2, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100010-1WPS-100010-2Cesium( 锶sī )Cs2CO3, 99.99%, 1% HNO3Cs2CO3, 99.99%, 1% HClWPS-100011-1WPS-100011-2Chromium( 铬 )Cr metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3Cr metal, 99.999%, 2% HClCr metal as Cr+3,99.999%, 2%HClK2Cr2o as Cr,99.998%, H2OWPS-100012-1WPS-100012-2WPS-100012-6WPS-100012-7Cobalt( 钴 )Co metal, 99.998%, 2% HNO3Co metal, 99.998%, 2%HClWPS-100013-1WPS-100013-2Copper( 铜 )Cu metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3Cu metal, 99.999%, 2%HClWPS-100014-1WPS-100014-2Dysprosium( 镝 )Dy2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Dy2O3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100015-1WPS-100015-2Erbium( 铒 )Er2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Er2O3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100016-1WPS-100016-2Europium( 铕yǒu )Eu2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Eu2O3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100017-1WPS-100017-2Gadolinium( 钆gá )Gd2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Gd2O3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100018-1WPS-100018-2Gallium( 镓 )Ga metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3Ga metal, 99.999%, 2% HClWPS-100019-1WPS-100019-2Germanium( 锗 )(NH4)2 GeF5, 99.99%, 1% HNO3Ge metal, 99.999%, 5% Oxalic AcidWPS-100020-1WPS-100020-5Gold( 金 )Au metal, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100021-2Hafnium( 铪 )Hf metal, 99.9%, 2% HNO3 +0.5%HFWPS-100022-3Holmium( 钬huǒ )Ho2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Ho2O3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100023-1WPS-100023-2Indium( 铟yīn )In metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3In metal, 99.999%, 2% HClWPS-100024-1WPS-100024-2Iridium( 铱yī )(NH4) 3IrCl6, 99.998%,10%HCl,100mLWPS-100025-2Iron( 铁 )Fe metal, 99.999,2% HNO3Fe metal, 99.999,2% HClWPS-100026-1WPS-100026-2Lanthanum( 镧lán )La2O3, 99.999%, 2% HNO3La2O3, 99.999%, 2% HClWPS-100027-1WPS-100027-2Lead( 铅 )Pb metal, 99.995%, 2% HNO3Pb metal, 99.995%, 2% HClWPS-100028-1WPS-100028-2Lithium( 锂 )Li2CO3, 99.995%, 2% HNO3LiCl, 99.999%, 1% HClLi2CO3, 99.5%, 1% HNO3WPS-100029-1WPS-100029-2WPS-100029-6lLutetium( 镥lǔ )Lu2O3.99.99%, 2% HNO3Lu2O3.99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100030-1WPS-100030-2Magnesium( 镁 )Mg metal.99.99%, 2% HNO3Mg metal.99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100031-1WPS-100031-2Manganese( 锰 )Mn metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Mn metal, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100032-1WPS-100032-2Mercury( 汞 )Hg metal, 99.998%, 2% HNO3WPS-100033-1Molybdenum( 钼mù )Mo metal, 99.999%, 2%HClMo metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3+HF(NH4) 2 MoO4, 99.999%, H2OWPS-100034-2WPS-100034-3WPS-100034-4Neodymium( 钕nǚ )Nd2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Nd2O3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100035-1WPS-100035-2Nickel( 镍 )Ni metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3Ni metal, 99.999%, 2% HClWPS-100036-1WPS-100036-2Niobium( 铌ní )Nb metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3+0.5%HFWPS-100037-3Osmium( 锇é )(NH4) 2 OsCl6, 99.996%, 10%HCl, 100mLWPS-100070-2Palladium( 钯 )Pd metal, 99.99%, 5% HNO3Pd metal, 99.99%, 5% HClWPS-100038-1WPS-100038-2Phosphorus( 磷 )(NH4) H2PO4, 99.95%, 0.05%, HNO3WPS-100039-1Platinum( 铂 )Pt metal, 99.99%, 5%HClWPS-100040-2Potassium( 钾 )KNO3, 99.999%, 1% HNO3KCl, 99.99%, 1%HClWPS-100041-1WPS-100041-2Praseodymium( 镨pǔ )Pr6O11, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Pr6O11, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100042-1WPS-100042-2Rhenium( 铼lái )Re metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Re metal, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100043-1WPS-100043-2Rhodium( 铑lǎo )(NH4) 3 RhCl6, 99.99%, 10%HCl,100mLWPS-100044-2Rubidium( 铷rú )RbNO3, 99.95%, 2% HNO3RbCl, 99.95%, 2%HClWPS-100045-1WPS-100045-2Ruthenium( 钌 )(NH4) 2RuCl6, 99.99%, 10%HCl,100mLWPS-100046-2Samarium( 钐 )Sm2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Sm2O3, 99.99%,2% HClWPS-100047-1WPS-100047-2Scandium( 钪 )Sc2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Sc2O3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100048-1WPS-100048-2Selenium( 硒xī )Se metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Se metal, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100049-1WPS-100049-2Silicon( 硅 )Na2SiO3, 99.99%, H2O(NH4) 2SiF6, 99.99%H2OWPS-100050-4WPS-100050-4FSilver( 银 )Ag metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3WPS-100051-1Sodium( 钠 )NaNO3, 99.99%, 1% HNO3NaCl, 99.98%, 1%HClWPS-100052-1WPS-100052-2StrontiumSrCO3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3SrCO3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100053-1WPS-100053-2Sulfur( 硫 )H2SO4, 99.999%, H2OWPS-100054-5Tantalum( 钽tǎn )Ta metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3+0.5%HFWPS-100055-3Tellurium( 碲dì )Te metal, 99.99%, 2%HClTe metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3+0.2%HFWPS-100056-2WPS-100056-3Terbium( 铽tè )Tb4O7, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Tb4O7, 99.99%,2% HClWPS-100057-1WPS-100057-2Thallium( 铊 )Ti metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3WPS-100058-1Thorium( 钍tǔ )ThO2, 99.99%, 2% HNO3ThO2, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100059-1WPS-100059-2Thulium( 铥diū )Tm2O3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3Tm2O3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100060-1WPS-100060-2Tin( 锡 )Sn metal, 99.998%, 20%HClSn metal, 99.998%, 2% HNO3+0.5%HFWPS-100061-2WPS-100061-3Titanium( 钛 )Ti metal, 99.99%, 20%HClTi metal, 99.99%, 2% HNO3+0.1%HFWPS-100062-2WPS-100062-3Tungsten( 钨 )W metal, 99.99%, 5% HNO3+0.5%HFWPS-100063-3UraniumU3O8, 99.968%, 2% HNO3WPS-100064-1Vanadium( 钒 )NH2VO3, 99.99%, 2% HNO3NH4VO3, 99.99%, 2% HClWPS-100065-1WPS-100065-2Ytterbium( 镱yì )Yb2O3, 99.99,2% HNO3Yb2O3, 99.99,2% HClWPS-100066-1WPS-100066-2Yttrium( 钇yǐ )Y2O3, 99.99,2% HNO3Y2O3, 99.99,2% HClWPS-100067-1WPS-100067-2Zinc( 锌 )Zn metal, 99.999%, 2% HNO3Zn metal, 99.999%, 2% HClWPS-100068-1WPS-100068-2Zirconium( 锆 )Zr metal, 99.84%, 2% HNO3+0.5%HFWPS-100069-3

中药标准对照品研究中心集对照品、标准品、标准物质、atcc菌株标准溶液等各类实验耗材研究于一体的综合性机构。中药标准对照品研究中心创立便开始为广大工作在实验分析测试的实验室人员提供国内外众多单位研制的试剂产品质检报告及相关技术文档的查询服务，建立了相当好的口碑。中心各类产品能够比较全面、准确、完整地体现中药标准对照品研究中心的特定职能和技术特征，中药标准对照品研究中心具备分析测试、技术开发、物流管理和售后服务等技术性能力，与国内众多检测机构、科研院校有着良好和稳定的合作关系，具有一定的权威性和影响力。